ordinary people :: essays research papers

Tantilizer5510 1054 PM you do know i trust you completely right even though it may seem alike(p) im playing and u shrugging me off all the time? AfGiRl233 1057 PM ok Tantilizer5510 1059 PM it may seem foolish to trust you since u have a closeknit group of friends who u probably prefer greatly over me Tantilizer5510 1059 PM but i honetly see something different in you Tantilizer5510 1100 PM something that feels comforting to me AfGiRl233 1100 PM what do you mean Tantilizer5510 1103 PM well I dont wanna bother u, stress u out, or have u think of me as weird or strange anymore than u have been invariably since we first met but... AfGiRl233 1103 PM yah? Tantilizer5510 1104 PM there is something about you, It cant be called chemistry because thats when the two people involved feel equally for each other. Tantilizer5510 1105 PM but i can assure that even though u treat me kind of harshly a good amount of the time i still feel a aim to keep striving AfGiRl233 1107 PM jeffrey, i mean yo ur nice and everything, but i just dont see tht happening between us, im sorry, but you make me feel real bad when you say stuff like that AfGiRl233 1107 PM i thought u liked laura neway Tantilizer5510 1107 PM i look at it from ur perspective from time to time and effect how weird this must be for you and thats why im gonna leave u alone from now on Tantilizer5510 1108 PM i wasnt looking for a rejection i was merely reservation a statement AfGiRl233 1109 PM ok well whatever, your making me out to be the bad person AfGiRl233 1109 PM but yoour putting me in a weierd position, and i dont like it Tantilizer5510 1110 PM no im a bad person for putting u in this situation and i aplogize Tantilizer5510 1110 PM lol dont worry bout a thang no more alright steph AfGiRl233 1111 PM yah Tantilizer5510 1111 PM everything is gonna workout fine Tantilizer5510 1111 PM for jsut about every one Tantilizer5510 1112 PM this is just like Undressed or some shit like it Tantilizer5510 1115 PM I like to c onsider myself a man of the future. Its always nice to live in the moment, but its our period actions which result determine where we end up in the future and if things arent the way Id like them to be right now then I always will have the future to look forward to.

Alcohol and its Effects on Social Behavior Essay -- Drinking Alcohol B

Alcohol and its Effects on Social BehaviorThe characters in Ernest Hemingways novel, The Garden of Eden, demo an interesting social behavior throughout the story in their frequent consumption of various types of alcoholic beverageic beverages. The character David Bourne especially seems to have star or two drinks often before ordering food when out at the French caf near their hotel, regardless of the present time of day. The behavior of these characters, by modern purchase orders standards, places them in a class of heavy social drinkers, but this may not have been Hemingways intention at the time when the novel was written. It is most appropriate, therefore, to discuss the specific drinks mentioned in the text independently of the specific situation, but simply in the context of class and society in general.The established historian and literary critic Hippolyte Taine once made the valid observation, Alcohol is the literature of the people (Haine 100). She uses this idea to show the strong correlation between a simple commodity and its profound effects on the people and issues of a larger society. The emergence of frequent alcohol consumption is set-back seen in the upper classes and royalty because these people not only have the time to devote to this form of leisure, but they possess the money to finance these habits as well (Haine). This image of a luxurious aristocratic lifestyle appeals to all other members of society who, in turn, wish to emulate this behavior themselves. The idea of alcohol use as a fashion is the stimulus that causes its practice to spread throughout all levels of society.The upper class may be where the practice of uniform alcohol consumption originates, but the working class is the group of peo... ...Reviews.com Inc. 16 Nov 2002 . This article is a post by someone who has tried the alternate (legal) versions of absinthe and it provides descriptions of the drink and some of its effects.Haine, W. Scott. The World of the Paris Caf Sociability among the French Working Class, 1789-1914. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. This book is extremely interesting and helpful because it provides insight into how drinking was different for members of severally class and the trends in social behavior.Murdock, Catherine Gilbert. Domesticating Drink Women, Men, and Alcohol in America, 1870-1940. Baltimore The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. This book provided a resource on the traditional gender roles of alcohol consumption and the changes that were seen extra time in these positions.

Cut by sylvia Plath Essay -- essays research papers

Cut Sylvia PlathPersonaIn terms of content the persona in Cut is Sylvia Plath herself. Plath was one of the first American women writers to refuse to conceal her reliable emotions. In articulating her aggression, hostility and despair in her art, she effectively ch eitherenged the traditional literary prioritization of female experience. Plath has experienced much melancholy and depression in her life. ScenarioThe scenario of the poesy starts glowering in a seemingly domestic scene, perhaps preparing for dinner and develops into this amazing association and blurring of the physical and delirious senses, where a great joy has been found in an accident. Plath dedicates Cut to her new au pair (nanny), Susan ONeill Roe as a welcome to the family gesture. It is most handlely the au pairs thumb, which has been cut just Plath refers to it as her own thumb as a sign of empathy/psychosis. In the poem, Plath describes the feelings and sensations of deliberate self mutilation and the emot ional release it brings. The cutting of the thumb can be viewed in a Freudian manner in which the incident occurred accidentally on purpose a parapraxis, having the effect of building up tension.ContextThe scope in which the poem is taking place is in England, isolated away from all her family and friends, during the 1950s where Plath was the victim of a male-orientated sexist society and her poetry a stage dancing of female wounds. Values portrayed through Cut are Plaths life of hardships from separation, divorce and as a single mother and poet. Through the strange consistent images that all flow from her very ordinary accident it is evident that this poem showcases a history of bloodshed through war, death, injury and maiming in the western world and Plaths family history StoryThe story of Cut is a rapid succession/conglomeration off sensations and images of violence and bloodshed throught history and its emotional relief. Plath chooses to use an ongoing metaphor of a battle be tween two armies. She is possibly one soldier who has lost much, while fighting the depression battle. This poem demonstrates Plaths disconnection from humanity as for example she disassociates the thumb as being part of the body. The fact that she relates her cut to onions, with cooking as a folk duty displaying her discontentment with her role as a housewife and mot... ...rill- creates a colloquial level of language, where in this case an exclamation mark could have been used. SoundsA variety of language devices are employed to create tone for the poem. Sounds such as assonance is used in the line a flap like a hat with an emphasis on t and taken off on a coupled with dental t and plosive p evoking and mirroring the on/off nature of a hat, in reference to the skin that has been cut on her thumb. Internal assonance and consonance appear and disappear with unpredictability. This demonstrates signs of Plaths genial illness. Also there is assonance in little pilgrim, the Indians axe d your scalp where the chopping sounds evoke the movement.In conclusion, there is more than one implication of the vocalize alone cut hurt,injured,rejected,excludedthese are to mean physically injured, rejected or wounded by people, excluded by living on own and bleeding in all senses and self mutilation. In the poem Cut by Sylvia Plath there is more to the poem than moods and feelings through the use of context and technique. For instance images,sounds,tones,rhythm,rhyme and form which all add up to an effective poem with textual integrity.

Expectations Fulfilled (cheating) :: essays research papers

Expectations FulfilledWhen one hears stories about cheating, automatically the first response that the individual will dupe is that the person who cheated is heartless. Oftentimes people have mistakenly misjudged the person who has cheated on their loved one. There is always another disclosed side of the story of the deceitful person. For instance, in The Bridges of Madison County, Francesca Johnson is a cleaning woman who has encountered a non-intimacy life and lacks exoticness in her marriage with Richard. Unintentionally, one day she utterly falls for a stranger name Robert Kincaid. Despite an import attraction between them, Francesca Johnson let herself be unchaste because Kincaid fulfilled her expectations, provides intimacy, and stimulates romance. In order to keep a relationship alive, ones expectations must dumbfound through. Johnson is a woman who lives in a sheltered life. She does not do many activities nor do anything appealing. It might seem as though she lives a fi eld of honor life, but in her heart she has expectations that needs to be fulfilled. And women were starting to have expectations about their allotted place in the grander scheme of things, as well as what transpired in the bedroom of their lives. Men such as Richard-most men, she guessed-were threatened by these expectations (108). The fact is true, a womans expectations are needed to be acquired or else the woman will go else where to consume it. In other words, Francesca Johnson found everything that she wanted in a man that is disguise in Kincaid. Therefore, because of Kincaids taking into custody of her, she cannot help it but to fall for him.In addition, intimacy is needed in the relationship in order to have a close bond. Johnson is a woman who loves to be intimate with her husband, Richard. Unfortunately, Richards lacking of intimacy has taken a toll on Francesca. In other words, She was more of a business abetter _or_ abettor to him than anything else (80). The emotion th at Johnson is feeling is not mutual. She wants to encounter affection but however, Richard is not aware. Subsequently, Richard was interested in sex only occasionally, every couple of months, but it was oer fast, rudimentary and unmoving, and he didnt seem to care much about perfume or shaving of any of that (80). Thus, Richard makes Francesca feel like a loveless person who needs to break free from the life that she has. Nevertheless, the intimacy that she wanted does not lie in Richard but lies in Kincaid.

How the Catholic Church Survived Two Thousand :: Essays Papers

How the Catholic Church Survived Two Thousand IntroductionOn theDay of Pardon in the Year of Jubilee, 2000 years after the birth of JesusChrist, Pope John Paul II and several other high members of the Catholic Churchperformed a prayer of forgiveness and confession, apologizing for all thewrongdoings of the Church. The Pope said later that they had been preparing todo this for several years, but had chosen the year 2000 Further, the Popeactually apologizing for the wrongdoings of the Church poses several questionsWhy did the Pope subscribe to to apologize what ills did the Church, itsofficials and it followers commit that required the Pope to publicly clear hisconscience by apologizing for them? Further, to what finish did the Churchembody both human and divine e lements in the past, and to what extent does ittoday? To understand the Catholic Church today it is essential tounderstand the society it was born into and how the culture and politics of thepast 2000 years have shaped th e Church and the Bible itself. later oneacknowledges the behavior and dogma that dominated the papacy in theChurchs history (including the papal infallibility clause stating thatthe Pope being Gods voice on earth, can do no wrong), one can see howrevolutionary these speeches really were. TheEarly ChurchEffectivelyunderstanding the Catholic Church today requires one to unders tand how theculture and politics of the Roman pudding stone shaped the structure of the Church andthe Bible itself. Jesus lived in what is modern day Palestine, which was partof the Roman Empire. Judaism and Hellenistic Greek traditions were the dominantreligions of the day. Several sects of Jews existed but although they agreed onthe staple fibre tenets of Judaism there is only one God, Gods peopleought to follow certain guidelines and God would fulfill his promisethey spent most of their time bickering oer how to serve God. Theearly Church faced several struggles such as maintaining the purity of Christianity, defining the structure of the Church and surviving the constantattacks on Christians by the Roman Empire. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the Churchs firststruggles was to define itself vis--vis the Jewish tradition and theRoman World. Both Paul and the Book of Acts reveal questions and issues theearly Church wrestled with. For example Should Christianity be its ownreligion or a peeled sect of Judaism? Which books should be includedin the Bible and which were the works of heretics?

How the Catholic Church Survived Two Thousand :: Essays Papers

How the Catholic Church Survived Two Thousand IntroductionOn theDay of Pardon in the Year of Jubilee, 2000 geezerhood after the birth of JesusChrist, pope John Paul II and some(prenominal) other high members of the Catholic Churchperformed a prayer of forgiveness and confession, apologizing for all thewrongdoings of the Church. The Pope said later that they had been preparing todo this for several years, but had chosen the year 2000 Further, the Popeactually apologizing for the wrongdoings of the Church poses several questionsWhy did the Pope need to apologize what ills did the Church, itsofficials and it followers commit that essential the Pope to publicly clear hisconscience by apologizing for them? Further, to what extent did the Churchembody both human and divine e lements in the past, and to what extent does it directly? To understand the Catholic Church today it is essential tounderstand the society it was born into and how the culture and politics of thepast 2000 years ha ve shaped the Church and the give-and-take itself. After iodineacknowledges the behavior and dogma that dominated the pontificate in theChurchs history (including the papal infallibility clause stating thatthe Pope being perfections voice on earth, can do no wrong), one can see howrevolutionary these speeches really were. TheEarly ChurchEffectivelyunderstanding the Catholic Church today requires one to unders tand how theculture and politics of the Roman Empire shaped the structure of the Church andthe Bible itself. Jesus lived in what is modern day Palestine, which was partof the Roman Empire. Judaism and Hellenistic Greek traditions were the dominantreligions of the day. Several sects of Jews existed but although they agreed onthe basic tenets of Judaism there is only one God, Gods peopleought to follow certain guidelines and God would fulfill his promisethey spent most of their time bickering over how to serve God. Theearly Church faced several struggles such as ma intaining the purity ofChristianity, defining the structure of the Church and surviving the constantattacks on Christians by the Roman Empire. One of the Churchs firststruggles was to define itself vis--vis the Judaic tradition and theRoman World. Both Paul and the Book of Acts reveal questions and issues theearly Church wrestled with. For example Should Christianity be its ownreligion or a new sect of Judaism? Which books should be includedin the Bible and which were the working of heretics?

Evolution of Management Thought

Corporate situation analysis 1. Overview of gross revenue management(Group-1) Q. Assume that you argon a regional sales manager of Bajaj Auto limited. And you are asked by your General a manager(Sales and Marketing) to submit your sales force strategy and tactics to achieve an increase in sales volume by 20% for the next financial year( make assumption if postulate) 2. ? Sales territories and sales Quota(Group-2) Q.Assume you are appointed as head of marketing of Saragam aluminum Company, which is a new fellowship, manufacturing and marketing aluminium extruded products, such as door, window and partition aluminium frames, heat sinks and control panels. Customers include household and business organisation. The factory is located in Hosur district of Tamil Nadu, and 38 kilometres from Bangalore. You are discussed with your CEO to initially focus sales and distribution efforts in southern regions, consisting of Karnataka, TN, AP, and Kerala. You are required to design sales territ ories to cover the four southern states.Describe how do you go about your task? 3. Distribution in sales management(Group-3) Q. M/SMalhotra is a caller making razorblades. They want to enter the market in Hyderabad and AP. Mr. Ramesh Kumar, their marketing manager, is one of the opinions that razor blades need selective distribution by a direct company distribution network. Discuss the merits of the suggestion and give right direction to Ramesh 4. Sales organising and staffing function Q. What kind of organisational specialisation within sales department do you recommended for distributively of the following companies? Group-4) a) The textile machinery manufacturing company diversifying into a consumer durable product such as auniquely designed table fan that can be used by household consumers and mercenary firms initially in western India b) A SBU or business Unitof large company selling airconditioning and refrigeration products to households, cold computer memory and factorie s, commercial establishments like hotel, theatres, hospitals, and government organisation all over the nation, with wide range of products, such as room-air-conditioners, packaged-air-conditioner, Central air conditioning plants, water cooler, efrigerators, and cold storage plants (Group-5) Q. Some nationalised banks recruit only experienced persons or promote people from, within the organisation. Some other like ICICI banks and IDBI recruit extensively from management institute. pardon the difference in sources used by these financial organisations selling essentially the same kind of find of financial services and products 5. Sales force pauperism and training(Group-6) Q. If you were an area sales manager, how would you motivate the following sales person? ) A high performing sales person, whose morale is down because he did not stand by an expected promotion as a marketing executive, although he has been consistently exceeding his sales target (or quotas) for the past four yea rs. The main responsibilities of marketing executives are selling to a a couple of(prenominal) key accounts, and coaching some sales trainees on the job b) An older sales person whose performance has been below foreboding for past few years, although he had performed well in the past. He seems to have lost enthusiasm although he has developed excellent relationship with a few key accounts from whom the company get good sales volume.

Shakespeare’s Early Life

Although we have many records of his emotional state as a citizen of Stratford, including marriage and birth certificates, little is known about William Shakespeares early life and formal education. Due to his success, many would assume that Shakespeare was innate(p) and raised in a wealthy noble family but he was actually raised in what would have been considered a middle class family in their time. He was born to middle class parents who lived in Henley Street, Stratford. His father, John, a local businessman made a living as a glove maker and owned his own leather shop.He was a well-known and much respected man that held some(prenominal) important local governmental positions including that of Borough ale-taster to bailiff, the highest public position of office in Stratford. William spent most of his childhood in the small English town of Stratford-upon-Avon. In the sixteenth century, the town was an important agricultural center and market place. It is safe to assume that Shake speare attended the local grammar school that was built and maintained expressly for the social function of educating the sons of prominent citizens with the sons of burgesses attending free.The Kings brisk School was staffed with a faculty of teachers who held Oxford degrees, and whose curriculum included mathematics, natural sciences, Latin language and rhetoric, logic, Christian ethics, and classical publications. 2 As well as a strong grounding at grammar school, the other significant educational opportunity afforded all middle-class Elizabethans was the mandatory attendance at church where they read either the Geneva or the Bishops Bible. The Authorized or King James Bible was non studied by William, as it was not published until the year 1611.Shakespeare did not continue his education and attend the university, since university education was reserved for prospective clergymen and was not a particularly mind-opening experience. However, the education he stock at grammar sc hool was excellent, as evidenced by the numerous classical and literary references in his plays. More impressive than his formal education, however, is the wealth of general cognition exhibited in his works, from a working knowledge of many professions to a vocabulary that is far greater than any other English writer.William Shakespeare married his wife, twenty-six year old Anne Hathaway, at the age of eighteen. Their first daughter, Susanna, was baptized only six months later, which has given rise to much speculation concerning the circumstances surrounding the marriage. In 1585, twins, Hamnet and Judith Shakespeare, were born to the couple. Hamnet died at the young age of eleven by which time Shakespeare had already become a successful playwright. Around 1589, Shakespeare wrote his first play, Henry VI, Part 1. former(prenominal) between his marriage and writing this play, he and his wife moved to London, where he pursued a vocation as a playwright and actor.In London, he formed an acting company in which he was shareholder, actor, and playwright. 1 In 1594 Shakespeare became a charter member of The Lord Chamberlains Men, a group of actors who later changed their wee-wee to The Kings Men when they gained the sponsorship of King James I. Just a few years later he was considered the confidential information comedian for the troupe and then later became the principal tragedian. Despite the fact that during this time acting and playwriting were not considered noble professions successful and prosperous actors were relatively well respected.Shakespeare was, in fact, very successful in his career and he became quite wealthy in the process. He invested his money in Stratford real estate and was able to purchase the second largest house in Stratford, the New Place, for his parents. In 1596, Shakespeare applied for a coat of arms for his family, in effect making himself into a gentleman, and his daughters married successfully and wealthily. William Shakespeare l ived until 1616 while his wife Anna died in 1623 at the age of sixty-seven. He was buried in the chancel of his church at Stratford.While Shakespeare is best known for his plays, he also wrote some of the most well-favored sonnets ever produced in the English language. His sonnets employ-and occasionally mock-such traditional Petrarchan themes as blind devotion, the value of friendship, and loves enslaving power. 1 Together Shakespeares plays and sonnets have had an rattling(a) influence on the development on the Modern English language. More famous than his sonnets, Shakespeares plays constitute the most significant corpus of dramatic literature in the world.Secular drama was Renaissance Englands most original contribution to the kind-heartedistic tradition. Shakespeare took the plots for most of his plays from classical history, medieval chronicles, and contemporary romances, but he used such stories merely as springboards for the exploration of human nature-the favorite pursui t of all Renaissance humanists. 1 Love, sex, jealousy, greed, ambition, and self-deception are among the definitive human experiences Shakespeare examined in his plays. It can be concluded that Shakespeares drama is the first Western Literature to probe the psychological focus that motivates human action.His plays communicate a profound knowledge of the wellsprings of human behavior as revealed in his masterful characterizations of a wide gamut of humanity. The skillful use of poetic and dramatic means to pull in a unified aesthetic effect out of a multiplicity of vocal expressions and actions is recognized as an achievement unequaled in other literature. Finally, Shakespeares employment of poetry within the plays to express the deepest levels of human motivation in relation to individual, social, and universal situations is considered one of the most astounding accomplishments of the human intellect.

Poems: Poetry and Film Karate Kid Essay

Good morning teachers and students, our chthonicstanding of small town takes many turns and the most important of these is in act 3 thought II. As a opposite scene in William Shakespeares shape, audiences gain an understanding of the characters and their marchs leading up to this point. Many of the themes in the escape come to light in this scene as the plot gathers pace and it is for every(prenominal) these reasons I chose this scene. Our understanding of a text is greatly affected by the context in which scenes take place. Act 3 Scene 2 transpires after a series of turbulent events and the increasing surveillance of Hamlets life.In the preceding scene Hamlet considers self-annihilation in the To be or not to be, soliloquy after learning that his fathers sudden death was in fact a kill by his uncle Claudiuss hand. He plans to prove the ghosts word by watching his uncles reaction to a consort that follows the events of Hamlets fathers death. Hamlet also confronts Ophelia a nd denounces her and women in misogynous diatribe overheard by the spying Polonius and Claudius. After hearing this Claudius decide to export Hamlet to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, as madness in great ones must not unwatched go.The latter gives audiences insight to later events in the play. Context is the basis of our understanding of certain lines, soliloquies and actions and boilersuit affects our understanding of the faultless play. The Play within a play scene is a pivotal scene in Hamlet and its significance resounds throughout the proportion of the play. It is a scene dripping in spectacular sarcasm because Hamlet triumphs over the king in full public view while Claudius deals in secret to obtain information. The scene comes as the action following Hamlets m applys of death, and the relative inaction of the first two acts.Knowing he was manufacture about his fathers murder Hamlet is emboldened and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern then(prenominal) sets out to co nfront his mother fracturing numerous relationships. Furthermore, Claudiuss sudden exit from the play raises the question whether he was re playacting to the guilt of murdering his brother or to the act of Lucianus, the murdering nephew of king Gonzago in the Mouse Trap, by chance foreshadowing his suffer death. Either could be the innovation of Claudiuss decision alike hasten Hamlet killed in England.The significance of this particular scene is undeniable because of its importance is upheld throughout the rest of Hamlet and this is wherefore it affects audiences understanding of the entire play. As a pivotal scene, many themes in Hamlet are present including action versus inaction, espionage, revenge and deceit. These mix into a concrete cocktail to which audiences are more in all likelihood to pay attention to and gain better understanding. The scene provides the first action in the play after driving doubtfulness of the first two acts, the audiences reaction epitomised i n a players line so after Pyrrus pause, a roused vengeance sets him to work. retaliate is the causative behind Hamlets writing of the play. Espionage makes another appearance in Hamlets urging Horatio to observe my uncle. If this occulted guilt do not unkennel itself in one speech, it is a damned ghost we have seen Rosencrantz and Guildenstern deceitfulness comes to an end when Hamlet turns the tables on them using the metaphor of how he was played like a pipe then later abandoning and sending them to their deaths. The presence of themes allows audiences to make connections with dialogue and leads to heightened understanding of the play and this is why act 3 scene 2 is crucial to the understanding of the entire play.A plethora of literary devices is used throughout the scene causing the meanings of numerous lines to be left up to the audiences interpretation. Use of spectacular irony, alliteration, metaphor, pun, repetition and others highlights lines that are of greater importanc e for example, Hamlets mocking what, frightened with false energise to his uncles reaction to the murder as well as the extended metaphor of hamlet being a pipe played upon by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern.The dramatic irony of the scene is important, as it is Hamlets action that snowballs into the different outcomes. Hamlets rhyming flattery to Horatio is full of literary techniques like alliteration ( acquire example), possibly highlighting his desperation to keep one congregating friend by his side or adoration or want of Horatios balanced character. Hamlets laughable punning makes light of all that tell to him by authority figures, this being an attempt at showing possible rebelliousness or more likely showing his enthusiasm for the outcome of the plays impact on the king.We do not know which part of the play Hamlet scripted so it can be assumed that some of his own feelings are showing through the repetition of love and fear whether this be about his love of Ophelia or ince stuous thoughts about Gertrude. Understanding of act 3 scene 2 is crucial to our understanding of Hamlet. This is assisted through the uses of literary techniques, the presence of many themes to beat audiences attention, the significance of these and the context in which the scene takes place. These combine to make this scene of upmost importance to our interpretation of the entire play and that is why it was chosen.5min14secs Matt Ive re-worked your speech below using as much as possible, cutting out the repetition, and suggesting where examples from the play are needed to illustrate your point. We can add these in tomorrow as I want you to go through this process of selecting appropriate egs with me. Apologies for typos something is rotten in the state of our computer (ref to the play, sorry ) The play is the thing in which Ill speck the conscience of the king Good morning teachers and students, our understanding of Hamlet takes many turns and the most important of these is in act 3 scene II.As a pivotal scene in William Shakespeares play, audiences gain an understanding of the characters and their actions leading up to this point. Many of the themes in the play come to light in this scene as the plot gathers pace and it is for all these reasons I chose this scene. Too vague necessitate a more dramatic opening eg rhetorical question, or fabulous quotation or natty and relevant anecdote or recent current happening that you can relate to this scene to catch the audience attention. The intro needs also not to waste words that could refer to specific context, themes, dramatic techniques, particular character development and plot development.Adding language aspects into this intro may be overdoing it but the word play on the idea of the play and play within the play might work. e. g. Can you think of a more palatable irony or more dramatic representation of catching out a murderous hypocrite like Claudius than putting on a play in full public view that sh ows two audiences the court of Denmark and us how he killed the rightful king? Especially since we know that Claudius has set up all those who are closest to Hamlet, except for the faithful Horatio, to spy on him in secretI chose this play within the play scene Act 3 Scene II for a number of reasons firstly, for the lovely dramatic irony I just mentioned secondly, it is pivotal in terms of resolving Hamlets doubts and advancing the plot towards the final bloody end thirdly, it is very satisfying drama, with lots of action following on from the lengthy musings and relative inaction of Hamlets famous.To be or not to be soliloquy in addition it reflects a number of key themes and preoccupations of the play, including that of surveillance and finally it is incredibly dramatic and beautifully written, with lots of the fantastic and funny word play, vivid images and other literary and dramatic techniques we all love about Shakespeare.This scene, as I said in the introduction, is pivot al in terms of the action of the entire play, and also in terms of Hamlets evolution, from inactive to hyperactive. In the preceding scene Hamlet considers suicide after learning from the locomote that his fathers sudden death was in fact a murder by his uncle Claudius.The Ghost is a mysterious character about whom there are considerable doubts does he represent the troubled state of Denmark following the death of a costly and heroic king and/or does he represent Hs traumatised header following the sort of tragedy that would unhinge most of us. ref to a tyro here? .Whatever we say about Hamlet and his tendency to overdo the thinking aspect of life, he does approach problems with a light and scientific mind he does resolve to kill his fathers murderer, but, fair enough, as death is reasonably permanent, even for Shakespeares religious audiences, he set up the play within the play as a kind of controlled test for his uncle, whom the Ghost purporting to be King Hamlet has said ki lled himHe tells Horatio to observe his uncle during theplay as well and after we will both our judgments join in censure of his seeming this does indicate that Hamlet, despite his understandable hatred of Claudius, is a fair man, who is also aware of the seriousness of violent death the man who is now King of Denmark.Elizabethan audiences would have recognised Hamlets hesitation about killing the King as reasonable, just as they would have seen his vengeance once his suspicions had been confirmed, as justified. This scene also follows Hamlets misogynist confrontation of Ophelia which is overheard by the spying Polonius and Claudius, who decides at this point to export Hamlet to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, since madness in great ones must not unwatched go.Since Ophelia had also been encouraged to spy on Hamlet, we now have his dastardly uncle, his school friends, and his fiance, not to mention his mother, keeping a close watch on Hamlet no wonder he needed a theatric al outlet However, seriously, we see here a recurring and important theme in the entire play, that of spying and surveillance.The Michael Almereyda directed moving picture version of Hamlet with its constant CCTV cameras and Hamlets spilling into the cameras provide the perfect representation of the sense of inescapable surveillance that Hamlet feels he is under throughout the play. FIND QUOTES re SPYING IN THIS SCENE. Another key theme of this play within the play scene.amd to the entire play, that relates to the spying is that of deceit, and of illusion top the reality. The play Hamlet devises to catch the King out is called The Moustrap, and its aim is to depict the exact way in which Claudius killed his brother, that is, by pouring poison into his ear, not the commonest way to kill someone If King Claudius reacts is a guilty manner, presumably this demonstrates his guilt.So Hamlets goal is to unmask his uncle in front of the entire court, including the wife he has won so wr ongfully. Plays are a theatrical form of illusion, masquerading as reality, just as Claudius in killing the rightful king, marrying his widow and acting as a legitimate King, is masquerading.Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are similarly masquerading as Hamlets friends, while in reality they are deceitfully reporting on his actions and words to his treacherous uncle. The play within the play traps Claudius just as Hamlet himself must have felt trapped within this world without candor and fidelity.The theme of honesty and reliability, those qualities that Hamlet craves and finds in no-one but his friend Horatio, provides a key to a deeper understanding of Hamlets apparently cruel behavior towards his mother and also Ophelia, and also to Polonius and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. Give me that man/That is not passionss slave .. and I will wear him/ in my heart of hearts Hamlet, having suffered the lather tragedy one can imagine, finds no person in his circle whom he can trust except fo r Horatio. repetition Our understanding of a text is greatly affected by the context in which scenes take place. Act 3 Scene 2 transpires after a series of turbulent events too vague what events? References like this read like padding and markers know it and the increasing surveillance of Hamlets life. The play within the play leads us to a focus on another potent theme of this scene and of the entire play revenge So after Pyrrus pause, a roused vengeance sets him to work. Revenge is the motive behind Hamlets writing of the play, and once his suspicions have been confirmed, Hamlet is ready to turn his vengeful thoughts into action. This scene is brilliant dramathither is beautiful dramatic irony in Hamlets selection of a play to trap the guilty king. And there is lots of discussion of theatrics, and how the players should talk their lines, which reveals Shakespeares own deep understanding of the craft of acting, the more realistic version being more like his own preferred style Nor do not saw the air too much with your hand the purpose of playing,.. is to hold the mirror up to nature, that is to act as one would speak and act out such lines in reality.Critics say that Shakespeare is having a go here at the plays of Chrsitopher Marlowe and the players such as Edward Alleyn at the Rose Theatre, who was known for a rather exaggerated approach to acting.Whatever the origins of these descriptions of how NOT to act, they are very funny, and must have made an Elizabethan audience as well as myself, a 21 century lad, laugh O it offends me to the soul to hear a robustious periwig-pated fellow tear a passion to tatters etc. we need egs of each of these Use of dramatic irony, alliteration, metaphor, pun, repetition and othersShakespeares literary teachniques also work brilliantly in this scend. As well as the dramatic irony, we have superb play on words combining wioth the extended highlights lines that are of greater importance for example, Hamlets mocking what, fr ightened with false fire to his uncles reaction to the murder as well as the extended metaphor of hamlet being a pipe played upon by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. The dramatic irony of the scene is important, as it is Hamlets action that snowballs into the different outcomes. Hamlets rhyming flattery to Horatio is full of literary techniques like alliteration (need example), possibly highlighting his desperation to keep one faithful friend by his side or adoration or want of Horatios balanced character.Hamlets jovial punning makes light of all that said to him by authority figures, this being an attempt at showing possible rebelliousness or more likely showing his enthusiasm for the outcome of the plays impact on the king.We do not know which part of the play Hamlet scripted so it can be assumed that some of his own feelings are showing through the repetition of love and fear whether this be about his love of Ophelia or incestuous thoughts about Gertrude. Understanding of act 3 scen e 2 is crucial to our understanding of Hamlet.This is assisted through the uses of literary techniques, the presence of many themes to capture audiences attention, the significance of these and the context in which the scene takes place. These combine to make this scene of upmost importance to our interpretation of the entire play and that is why it was chosen. 5min14secs Character development in this question

Act I of the Crucible Essay

In reading the overture, before any dialogue takes place, we atomic number 18 given a small coup doeil into the world of the Salemites. moth miller speaks briefly of the t suffer and the surrounding wilderness. The placement of Salem, surrounded by the impenetrable afforest already starts building accent. The simple fact that forest is present prevents escape from Salem and therefore the inhabitants of Salem are unable to physically remove themselves from their problems and conflicts within the community.The forest itself is described as dark and jeopardize, by Miller. This introduces an almost intangible danger and constant threat to the assume. This save will make the Salemites feel trapped this pressured feeling being reflected throughout the play. more(prenominal) significant is the way in which the forest is said to be over their shoulders. This creates a feeling that the inhabitants of Salem are being overshadowed by this great threat. As the play is a battle betwixt light and dark, good and disgust, this is particularly meaningful as it shows Salem being overpowered by the darkness. It also adds to the feelings of threat and terror the Salemites feel because it implies an unseen something watching them.When viewed in a historical context the forest serves another purpose. At the time of writing McCarthyism was sweeping America. Although more overt parallels are drawn later in the play I believe the forest represents the looming threat of being accused a communist sympathiser. The audience would read with the Salemites through this shared threat this link would have been used by Miller to give the entire play more impact.Another way in which Miller creates a feeling of tension is through the language used in both stage directions and in the speech of the characters. Miller uses power quarrel to create an atmosphere of tension throughout the play. On the first page with speech, page six, words such(prenominal) as frightened, trouble and fury . It is limpid from the start that Salem is not the perfect pilgrim hamlet it is meant, and used, to be. The fact that something is wrong in this village, wrong enough to make a minister weep, and react with such violence grabs the attention of the audience instantly.The stage directions are particularly telling of the moods of characters. Page seventeen sees Abigail and monitor lizard alone for the first time and the tension between them is clearly visible. For example Abigail has stood as though on tiptoe, absorbing his presence, when psyche is on tiptoe their entire body goes tense as though anticipating something. This may be a in reality literal way of showing us tension between Proctor and Abigail. Later, on the same page, Abigail springs into his path. over again the word spring suggests she has been coiled, tense, awaiting his movement and it is this anticipation that Miller uses to great effect when showing us chemistry between two characters.Of all things, perhaps the hero-worship of the unknown is the most potent. Miller uses this from the start and builds tension around the fact that the audience has as little or less information about the forward events as the characters. As both the audience and characters are apparently in the dark about events surrounding Bettys condition there is again a link draw up between the two, this is used to the same effect as the McCarthyism link.Speech patterns also show the stress of the characters involved. For example, most characters start to bowdlerize their words and speak in a far more rigid fashion than usual when feeling threatened or angry. These monosyllabic phrases litter the play and show the audience the rising conflicts in the community. On page twenty-six this is especially apparent. He had no right to sell it, says Putnam to Proctor. All the words in this sentence are monosyllabic, sharp and to the point. It is these changes that show the audience how the characters are really feeling. Mill er uses these phrases to both show tension and to create it between characters throughout the play. repeating plays an immense part in The Crucible. Specific words such as evil, unnatural and most obviously Devil are perennial to the point where they are appearing almost every page. Only Proctor and Paris seem set against the root word of supernatural tampering and even when the village is faced with a mass of evidence which supports more mundane explanations of events the cries of witchcraft are still as loud. It appears as if the Salemites want to believe Lucifer himself is expectant them. There is probably a lot of truth in that statement. The Salemites had fled England but a few generations ago and had done so to avoid persecution because of their beliefs.Now the Salemites are trapped and alone. It is ironic perhaps that their flight to freedom has in reality increased their isolation. Now they have no one to fight either. They were truly alone perhaps the manic belief in Luc ifers conquest of Salem was a release, an enemy against which they could fight the good fight. Without the unconverted heathens England offered it what was left but fighting the Devil himself or looking to your neighbour for anything that could be seen as an unholy blemish? The Salemites belief in the Devils power in Salem may have been started by the girls but was carried onwards and taken higher by almost all of the inhabitants of Salem, mayhap because they wanted to believe in the corruption of their village.This scenario, as presented by Miller in human action I of The Crucible is at the core of all tension throughout the play. Miller makes us see how unbelievably dangerous society can be when in the grip of hysteria, the audience of then would have known all too well. Through uses of different devices Miller feeds and augments the underlying tension at key moments until we realise that some dreadful act must take place before the village will realises what it has done. What body process could be interpreted as the Devils work in a society gone mad? As we see from Goody Nurses and Proctors hanging, anything.Act i of the crucible? EssayIn what important ways does Miller prepare us for the hysteria and the accusations of the witch-hunts in Act I of The Crucible? In The Crucible, it was important for Miller to fully show that the witch-hunts in Salem were not some unforeseen, unpredictable chain of events, but the result of many different, precisely added elements. He, therefore, had to let out to the inevitability of such events by revealing the true nature of the Salems society unstable and extremely volatile. This instability among the people of Salem, stems mainly from their own insecurities.Any mortal heard to make a statement that is vaguely accusative is counter-attacked with a provocative statement far exceeding that of the first. Such an sequent occurs when Proctor identifies Putnams support for the system of voting by acreage by saying Putnam cannot command Mr Parris because the society votes by name not by acreage. He says Putnam is arrogant in thinking that because he owns more land than Parris, he has the right to order him the belief being that he is autocratic. Putnam, taking offence, responds by accusing Proctor of two other things.By stating that he didnt think he saw Proctor at the Sabbath meeting since the snow flew he is questioning Proctors religious devotion using inflammatory language, which is a serious accusation in a theocracy like Salem. He is also saying that the idea of one man one vote is void for Proctor because he doesnt take the interest in the society that one man should. From a single remark by Proctor, two, far greater reactions were induced in Putnam. The result is an almost exponential escalation of emotions. This constant attacking and counter-attacking makes the people of Salem very insecure.These insecurities are combated by them putting up emotional barriers to contain their anger, envy or any other emotion that would render them liable to an attack. This is done by creating an external being that is responsible for a persons inner evil the Devil. Mrs Putnam displays this when she uses extremely inflammatory language in attempting to resolve Betty and Ruths mysterious sleep. She uses explicit imagery of the Devil and describes death drivin into them, forked and hoofed. This is an easily defensible point of view, because anyone who challenges it would be trucking with the Devil themselves and become outdoors to attack.Mrs Putnam finds a vent for her anger at seven dead in childbirth with her provocative exclamations such as it is surely the stroke of hell upon you and what person murdered my babies? . By asking that question, she is indirectly accusing anyone in the village. This shows a woman who is desperate to find an explanation for her misfortune and believes she will find it in the people of Salem who have been in contact with the Devil. She uses the Devil as a scapegoat and weights it with all her inner evils. She is, therefore, extremely enthusiastic to find someone who has been in contact with it in order to blame that person.With the entire village thrusting all their troubles and inner evils into a single element, a huge tension is created by the repression of their real emotions that are blamed on the Devil and the innate human desire to find someone else to blame someone who is responsible for your evil and not, as Rebecca says, to rather blame ourselves. This livid search for a devil and the barriers that are put up by people create people who integrate together to form groups with their defining factor often being that of vengeance.Parris believes one of these groups or factions is sworn to drive him from his pulpit. They are not created by people actually admitting themselves, but by other people, usually in opposition, categorising them. Mrs Putnam identifies these groups when she describes the wheels within wheels, fires wi thin fires. The society, therefore, fragments and divides itself. If, as Mrs Putnam shows, the people of Salem cannot accept their own evils and they believe the Devil cannot possibly be within them, that which defines them as a good person must be that which is not the Devil.Therefore, the Devil must, by nature of the society of Salem, be the thing which is diametrically opposed to the person of God and its location must be in a faction or group physically away(p) their house and spiritually outside their religion. Miller uses these groups to create a self-sustaining repression in Salem. As the people are forced by the factions to repress their feelings and emotions and cumber them bottled up, their emotions are heightened by the constant arguments that take place.Act I is an introduction to the society and a period of time in which to show its many tensions. At the end of the act, the tension between all these emotions and the repression is released and Hale says himself that it is broken, they are free. This shows us that the unstable and volatile society is, indeed, at breaking point. Show preview unless The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Music and Its Influence Essay

These primitive unisonians would not give birth known many of the modern terms such as octaves and pitch, but they invented quite possibly the most important aspect of music today just whack it. Music is basically the control of sound. We can control this sound by varying the pitch, tempo, octaves, and dynamics and so on. There are thousands of commissions that we can use music and to shape it to how we want to hear it. But how much has music influenced the mood we think today? Why is it so popular?Music dates right back to the prehistoric eras where primitive instruments were constructed using items homogeneous bone and woodQuite literally, they would have employ things like 2 bones and they would have whacked them to playher. This would obviously have made a sound either loud or quite depending on how hard you hit them together. Take these primitive bones and add on 8 or 9 thousand years of musical evolution and you get the modern day drum kit. In my own opinion instrument sHave come a truly long way. In my research drums, guitars and pianos has turn in the way it looks and sounds. Ask yourselfHow far did music come from to now? First close your eyes and picture this, even today if you go to some native move of Africa or Asia. you can see tribes of pack performing primeval forms of music. They do this for both entertainment and their religious belief. This form of music normally consists of basic jot instruments and small, hand-made percussion instruments normally made from animal skin or fur. This has been kept traditional by the tribe as they have not been into contact with the orthogonal world. They have managed to keep their precious tradition for thousands of years, and they will be able to keep it for years to come.Their music is the only real surviving traditional music from the early days, and that genre of music has slowly made its way into western refining. If we see a film about a jungle, normally the soundtrack is composed of instru ments like bongos or shakers. This is because we instantly associate this sort of music with jungles and indigenous tribes. So whereas some parts of the world stayed traditionalist, other parts were taking music to the bordering step. Western cultures have used music for almost constantlyy aspect of life. Music was used for entertainment and religion.Some countries have unfortunately lost their culture and heritage thanks to more developed countries trying to expand their empires. Traditional drums and flutes have been replaced with more vibrant shakers and trumpets. It is no doubt that the way other countries have acted has greatly affected the distribution of music worldwide. Im sure youll all agree when I say that music is changing very fast. Its either that or we keep changing our tastes in music every five minutes which is far more probable. Today if someone put on a record from just 10-20 years ago wed probably think of that music as being incredibly old or very simple.I do nt know about you, but I cant stand to watch some (if not most) of the early cover charge of the Pops because the music is so old. We think of this as being old, but in fact it is incredibly new. The music industry has become overwhelmingly popular ever since some of the pioneers of modern music. Before the War, there had never been a real music industry, but during the war many radio stations made the mass of their income by playing music because lots of music during that era was lyrically focused on subjects like peace and hope.This was undoubtedly something that people wanted to hear, so the music industry started to really form during this time. WHAT? Ill just get the album when it comes out, thanks. After this, more and more businesses and corporations started to set up record labels and started to firm more and more artists to their label and then distributing their music in CD/Vinyl release and on the radio. Since then, technology of all sorts has had to shape the way it plant life so that it can keep up with the music industry. Many devices that once had no connections to music now play music and the radio due to customer demands.For example, a fridge with a built in radio. Record labels have got so big nowadays, that they are starting to charge excessive fees for artists music. Many bands/artists have recognized this and have made their own record labels so they can have their own means of music distribution. Some examples of these would be Nothing Records, owned by Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails, and Morning Records, owned by the Cooper Temple Clause. During my research Ive learned how music changes the lives of people throughout the world. I can honestly say, I have discovered how has influenced my life and the production of my music.In conclusion, music has evolved substantially from its early days as a form of basic ceremonious compliments to a huge booming industry that plays a major role in our culture and it continues to change every day to suit the needs of the consumers, who enjoy music for what it is, rather than the profit that can be made from record labels.

CompStat Management in the NYPD

No, it surely does non. Compstat s a system obsessed with numbers, and while in some areas it is a great tactic for kicking the workforce into shape, it can become tyrannical in the pursuit of those numerically motivated results. Was Stop and Frisk the major reader to crime drop from 1993 to 2003? In Henrys The COMPSTAT Paradigm there is not one instance of Stop and Frisk throughout the entire book.It chance onms today that a mass of the controversy in the NYPD is revolving around a practice that isnt necessarily engrained in the very structure that defines the crime stopping law enforce custodyt gency, it is simply one of the manoeuvre that has taken a step too far in the publics eye. As someone who studies criminal Justice and believes in the system I do see the importance of procedures like stop and frisk but, it is easy to see in a city that is so liberal in almost every complaisance that this type of conduct can be controversial.In studying Compstat I have learned that the entire purpose of it is to be flexible to the systems needs and that if a authoritative strategy does not have the desired effect it should be revised or removed if need be. The attitude that has been given off by the NYPD and Commissioner Kelly is not the one that supports that type of ethic it has been one of impedance where those who speak out against it are discredited by whatever means necessary.Commissioner Kelly, through his thick headedness on this issue has alienated a large portion of NYs inhabitants because they believe they are always under persecution because of the unjust ways that stop, question, and frisk violates their personal privacy and pride. To articulate that stop, question, and frisk is n impartial tactic is a farce, 85% of all people stopped were of black or Hispanic ethnicities but only stupefy up around nalt tn population. Last year, the N made more stops of young black men than there are young black men in the citys population. 58,406 young black men live in New York City and the NYPD made 168,126 stops. (Stop and Frisk By the Numbers, Forbes) For a system so caught up in the numbers I dont see why it is so difficult for them to interpret these numbers and do something constructive about it instead of stone walling both attempt at criticism. Compstat over the past gibe decades has been an incredibly positive practice for the NYPD and other law enforcement agencies alike but over the past couple years we have seen more and more opposition to it.It is time that they revisit the drawing board and get back to the roots of what was the most flexible and reactive law enforcement management policy the world has ever seen. On a more personal note, as someone who does believe in the system I do say with great confidence that stop, question, and frisk is something that needs work before I can accept it as an ethical ractice. Works Cited smashing New York. Ray Kelly and the momentum of current stop-and-frisk policy.

Current Issues Paper and Class Handout Essay

As one of the most popular religions in the entire world, Buddism is believed to be originated by Siddhattha Gotama, also referred to as Siddhartha Gautama, 2500 old age ago in Northern India (Religious Tolerance, 2015). More than 75% of its followers are from the Far East. Burma, Korea, Japan, China and Sri Lanka are places where Buddhism is comm all practiced (Molloy, 2010). roughhewn CharacteristicsAlthough Buddhism is a major, strong religion on its own, it does share some similarities with other religions of the world. Hinduism is the one religion Buddhism probably shares the most similarities with. They share commonality on issues of reincarnation, enlightenment, salvation, torment and yoga practices (Molloy, 2010).Reincarnation the way you live presently allow for determine the worth of your reincarnated vivification. So if you live an honorable life now, youll be rewarded in reincarnation, vice versa. reasonableness both religion philosophies agree theres no one path to achieve enlightenment. The paths are vast and can be peeed through with(predicate) the mastering of ones six senses.Salvation can only be achieved individually and taking full responsibility of your own fate and the actions you establish in your life.Suffering is caused by materialism or becoming attached to things in and of the world we live in excessively.Yoga both religions believe concentration and venture promotes liberation and the path to enlightenment.Buddhism also shares a few similarities with Jainism. For example, each religion believes Nirvana is a state of becoming nothing, by freeing yourself from the world and rebirth. However, in state of non-being is referred to as sunya in Buddhism and moksha in Jainism. Modern World ChallengesAt the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, new opportunities, as well as challenges, indispensable to be addressed by Buddhism as a religion. Cultural and religious patterns were being affected and across regions at the expense of the p re-modern Buddhist world ( encyclopaedia Britannica , 2014). Westernization began to settle in a lot of Buddhist countries due to conquests. Economic, political, cultural and religious influence from the west was becoming heavy. All across Asia the everyday life and thoughts of Buddhist communities became infused with notions of socialism and liberal democracy, modern rationalistic and scientific thinking and modern capitalistic economies. Also, Buddhism, as a religion started to reappear in communities it previously flourished many years ago. Buddhism rapidly moved into the west and prospered with new developments, which energized the Buddhism religion back in Asia (Encyclopedia Britannica , 2014).Women In BuddhismWomen have fully been permitted to participate in a religious community since the early days of Buddhism. But they were bound by restrictions, since theyve typically been look upon as being inferior to men (Buddhist Studies, 2008). Discrimination within their religion i s an obstacle women have consistently been faced with. In some cases nuns actually have to bow to a monk. Originally, Buddha felt allowing women to be part of the religious institutions, as ordained nuns, decreases the importance of his teachings, as well as how long his teachings would remain relevant (Sri Dhammananda Maha Thera, n.d.). Buddha restricted all ordained nuns to be subordinate to monks once he allowed themto become nuns. In Buddhism, women continually referred to as the reason for mans sins and the sins of the world. Often depicted as a siren and the blame for mans misfortunes, in Buddhism men are warned about women. Some feel being reincarnated as a man it probably the only way a woman will get salvation. Buddhas radical decision to allow women into the Holy Order allowed women to show they to reach or attain enlightenment, the highest place in the religion, just as a man can (Sri Dhammananda Maha Thera, n.d.).In Buddhist communities, today women are forcibly establis hing their roles. Both internationally and within the U.S., a more formal role of women within the Buddhist culture is becoming more of a reality, thanks to the nuns and teachers in Buddhism of today (The Pluralism Project, 2006). kind activism for Buddhist women is an important tool or creative instrument in promoting their connection with other human beings and the earth. Scholarly women are getting their messages and thoughts heard intimate and outside of the classroom to inspire other women and young people of Buddhism. Women who are discovering new and innovative ways to communicate and inspire people of the Buddhism community will shape the future of Buddhism around the world. (The Pluralism Project, 2006).ReferencesBuddhist Studies. (2008). Retrieved from http//www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/position.htm ncyclopedia Britannica . (2014). Retrieved from http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/83184/Buddhism/68769/Buddhism-in-the-contemporary-world Sri Dhammananda Maha Thera, Venerable K. (n.d.). What Buddhists Believe. Retrieved from http//www.budsas.org/ebud/whatbudbeliev/227.htm The Pluralism Project. (2006). Retrieved from http//pluralism.org/reports/view/46 Religious Tolerance. (2015). Retrieved from http//www.religioustolerance.org/buddhism5.htm Molloy, Michael. Experiencing the Worlds Religions. 5th ed. NY McGraw, 2010. Print.

2.Annotated Outline Introduction

3. Objective The basic purpose of HRP is to decide what positions the organisation will have to englut and how to fill them. Objectives of human pick bring protrude Forecast psychenel begments Cope with changes Use existing custody pro fusilladeably Promote employees in a systematic way human beings vision training 4. Importance Organisations commit HRP to meet future challenges, cut cost, and achieve greater effectiveness Importance of human resource devisening Create a talent pool Prep ar people for future Cope with organisational changes Cut costs Help succession planning serviceman imagination Planning 5.The Process Of HRP The HRP is a four feeling process demand predict, supply forecasting, estimating manpower gaps and recoilulating HR plans. The demand for human resources is influenced by several factors anticipate the demand for human resources External challenges Economic developments Political, legal, social, technological changes Competition Organisationa l decisions Workforce factors human being vision Planning 6. The Process Of HRP External Challenges Liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation (LPG era) have created huge demand for people in softwargon, finance marketing, and manufacturing fields.Organisational Decisions Decisions much(prenominal) as expansion, diversification, and relocation leading to demand for people possessing requisite skills Workforce Factors Such as retirement, resignation, and issue etc creating manpower gaps. gay Resource Planning 7. prophecy Techniques HR forecasts are an attempt to find discover an organisations future demand for employees Forecasting techniques Expert forecasts Trend depth psychology Workforce summary Workload synopsis Human Resource Planning 8.Forecasting techniques Expert Forecasts These are based on the judgements of those who possess best knowledge of future human resource needs Trend abbreviation This is based on the presumption that the future is an extrapolation from the past. Human resource needs, as such(prenominal), can be estimated by examining pas trends. An example of trend psycho synopsis 2001-02 Production of Units 5,000 2002-03 No. of Workers 100 Ratio 1005000 2003-04 Estimated Production 8,000 No. of Workers required 8000 ? 100 = clx 5000 If supervisors have a drag of 20 workers, 8 supervisors are also needed in 2003-04.Human Resource Planning 9. Forecasting techniques Workforce compendium All relevant factors in planning manpower flows in a firm such as transfers, promotions, new recruitments, retirement, resignation, dismissal etc are taken into storey while estimating HR needs Manpower flows in a bank Promotions out Transfers In reanimate Hopping Transfers Out Retirement VRS Scheme (Golden handshake) Recruits In Discharge or Dismissal Terminations Resignations Promotions In Retrenchment Attractions in Other Banks, etc.Human Resource Planning 10. Forecasting techniques Workload epitome Based on the plann ed output, a firm tires to calculate the number of persons required for various hypothecates. An example of workload analysis Planned output for the year 10,000 pieces Standard hours per piece 3 hours Planned hours required 30,000 hours Productive hours per person per year 1,000 hours (estimated on annual basis) (allowing for absenteeism, turnover, idle time etc. ) No. of workers required 30 If span of control in the unit is 10 per officer, then 3 officers are also required. Human Resource Planning 11. allow for Forecasting A) subjective labour supply a manpower inventory in terms of the size and quality of personnel available (their age, sex, education, training, experience, undertaking performance, etc) is usually prepared by HR departments. Several techniques are used while ascertaining the versed supply of manpower (a supply of employees to fill intercommunicate vacancies can come from within the firm or from new hires ) Human Resource Planning 12. Estimated internal labour supply for a given firm Sources of Inflows The Firm Projected Outflows ? Promotions ? Transfers ? Quits Current Staffing ?Promotions train ? Terminations Employees In Employees Out ? untried Recruits ? Retirements ? Recalls ? Deaths ? Layoffs Current Projected Projected Firms internal staffing outflows + inflows = supply for this level this year this year time next year Human Resource Planning 13. leave Forecasting Staffing table Shows the number of employees in each seam, how they are utilised and the future employment needs for each type of avocation. Marcov analysis Uses historical information from personnel movements of the internal labour supply to address what will happen in the future Human Resource Planning 14.Marcov analysis for a hypothetical retail company 2003-2004 Store Asst. Store segment Dept. Sales Exit Managers Managers Heads Heds Executives Store Managers 80% 20% (n = 15) 12 3 Asst. Store 11% 83% 6% Managers 4 30 2 (n = 36) Section 15% 11% 66% 8% Heads (n = 94) 11 63 8 14 Departmental 10% 72% 2% 16% Heads (n = 288) 29 207 6 46 Sales Executives 6% 74% 20% (n = 1440) 86 1066 288 Forecasted Supply 16 41 92 301 1072 353 Figures in circles show the transition percentages Human Resource Planning 15. Supply Forecasting Skills inventory It is a summary of the skills and abilities of non managerial employees used in forecasting supply.Human Resource Planning 16. Skills inventory an example Name A. K. Sen Date printed 1-4-2004 Number 429 Department 41 detect words Work experience Word Description Activity From To Accounting Tax care 1998 2000 T clerk ax ABC Company and analysis Book Keeping Ledger watch 2000 2002 Accountant XYZ Co. Auditing Computer psychoanalysis 2002 2003 Chief Accounts TT Bank records Officer Education Special Qualifications M em be rsh ips Degree Major Year Course Date 1. AIMA MBA Finance 1998 DBF 1996 2. ISTD B. Com Accounts 1995 Risk management 1999 3.ICA Computer Languages Position Location Hobbies Literacy pr eference choice ? Tally French Accounting Kolkata Chess ? Banking Auditing Delhi football Software Bangalore Boating Employees Signature __________ HR Department________ Date _______________________ Date ________________ Human Resource Planning 17. Supply Forecasting Replacement chart It is a visual re insertion of who will replace whom in the accompaniment of a melodic phrase opening. Human Resource Planning 18. Replacement chart prevalent Manager Key V. K. Garg Names given are replacement A/2 candidates P A to A.Promotable now General Manager B. Needing development L. Mathews C. Not suitable to position B/1 1. lord performance 2. above Average performance Assistant General Manager 3. Acceptable performance R. K. Arora A/2 4. unretentive performance B. K. Nehru B/3 Division Division Division Accounting & Planning Manager adept Advisor HR Manager Taxation Manager A. N. Gupta A/1 N. R. Murthy B/3 C. P Thakur . A/1 A. T Roy . C/2 K. P Rao . B/1 Northern component Central Regio n Southern Region Manager Eastern Region Manager Manager A. Subramanyam B/2 Manager L. C. Srivatsav A/2 S.P Kumar A/1 . B. K. Menon B/1 R. Krishna B/3 A. Thapar C/4 R. Pandey B/3 Human Resource Planning 19. Supply Forecasting B) External Labour supply External hires need to be contacted when suitable internal replacements are non available. A growing number of firms are now using computerised human resource information systems to cartroad the qualifications of hundreds or thousands of employees. HRIS can provide managers with a listing of candidates with required qualifications after scanning the data base. Human Resource Planning 20. Important barometers of labour supply 1.Net migration into and out of the area 2. Education levels of workforce 3. Demographic changes in population 4. Technological developments and shifts 5. Population Mobility 6. Demand for specific skills 7. National, regional unemployment rates 8. Actions of competing employers 9. authorities policies, regulati ons, pressures 10. Economic Forecasts for the next few years 11. The attractiveness of an area 12. The attractiveness of an industry in a particular place Human Resource Planning 21. Manpower Gap abstract This is used to locate the forecasts of labour demand and supply.This process identifies potential skill shortages or excessivenesses of employees, skills and caprioles Estimating manpower requirements Year 1 2 3 1. Number required at the beginning of the year 2. Changes to requirements forecast during the year DEMAND 3. numerate requirements at the end of the year (1+2) - 4. Number available at the beginning of the year 5. Additions (transfers, promotions) SUPPLY 6. Separations (retirement, wastage, promotions out and some other losses) 7. Total available at the end of year (4+5+6) 8. Deficit or surplus (3-7) RECONCILIA TION 9.Losses of those recruited during the year OF THE ABOVE 10. Additional numbers needed during the year (8+9) MANPOWER NEEDED Human Resource Planning 2 2. Formulating HR Plans Once supply and demand for labour is known adjustments can be made formulating requisite HR plans A variety of HR plans ? recruitment plan ? Redeployment plan ? Redundancy plan ? pedagogy plan ? Productivity plan ? Retention plan Human Resource Planning 23. Responsibility For Human Resource Planning HRP is a top management job. HR plans are usually made by the HR division in consultation with other corporate heads. either deviations from the formulated plans and their causes must be looked into, from time to time in order to assess whether the plans require decree or modification. Human Resource Planning 24. Limitations Of Human Resource Planning HR professionals are basically confronted with three problems while preparing and administering HR plans accuracy, inadequate top management support, lopsided focus on quantitative aspects. Human Resource Planning 25. Effective Human Resource Planning HR plans must fit in with overall objectives of a firm. They m ust get consistent support from top management.Computerised human resource information systems must be used for applicant tracking, succession planning, building skills inventories etc. The whole work on must be carried out in coordination with operating managers. Human Resource Planning 26. 4-1 JOB digest 27. INTRODUCTION strain analysis is the process of gathering information about a job. It is, to be more specific, a systematic investigation of the tasks, duties and responsibilities necessary to do a job. Job Analysis 28. Nature of job analysis Job Tasks Job Analysis Job Duties Job Responsibilities Job Analysis 29. -4 Partial job analysis questionnaire The information about a job is usually collected through a incorporate questionnaire JOB ANALYSIS INFORMATION FORMAT Your Job Title_______________ Code__________Date_____________ Class Title_______________ Department_____________________ Your Name_________________ Facility___________________________ Superiors Title____________ __ uprised by_______________________ Superiors Name____________ Hours Worked______AM______to AM____ PM PM 1. What is the general purpose of your job? 2. What was your last job?If it was in some other organisation, please name it. 3. To what job would you normally expect to be promoted? Cont Job Analysis 30. Partial job analysis questionnaire 4. If you regularly supervise others, list them by name and job title. 5. If you supervise others, please lay off those activities that are part of your supervisory duties ? Hiring ? Coaching ? Promoting ? Orienting ? Counselling ? Compensating ? Training ? Budgeting ? Disciplining ? Scheduling ? Directing ? Terminating ? exploitation ? Measuring Performances ? Other____________ 6.How would you describe the successful completion and results of your work? 7. Job Duties divert briefly describe WHAT you do and, if possible, How you do it. Indicate those duties you consider to be most important and/or most difficult Cont Job Analysis 31. Parti al job analysis questionnaire (a) Daily Duties (b) Periodic Duties (Please indicate whether weekly, monthly, quarterly, etc. ) (c) Duties Performed at arcsecond Intervals 8. Education Please check the blank that indicates the educational requirements for the job, not your own educational background. No established education required ? College degree ? Less than high school diploma ? Education beyond alumnus ? High school diploma or equivalent degree and/or professional license. ? College certificate or equivalent List advanced degrees or specified professional license or certificate required. Please indicate the education you had when you were placed on this job. Job Analysis 32. Benefits of Job analysis Job analysis information is useful for a variety of organisation purposes ranging from human resource planning to career focusing Job Analysis 33.Important benefits of Job Analysis Multifaceted Nature of Job Analysis Recruitment Human Resource Planning Selection Job valuation Placement Job public figure and Training Redesign Performance Counselling Appraisal Employee Safety Job Analysis 34. Who should conduct job analysis? ? Job incumbents themselves ? Supervisors ? External psychoanalysts Job Analysis 35. The process of Job analysis The major locomote involve in job analysis are ? Organisational analysis ? Selection of representative positions to be analysed ? Collection of job analysis data ? Preparation of job commentary ? Preparation of job specification Job Analysis 36.The Competency Approach to Job Analysis This approach encourages employees to develop role based competencies (knowledge, skills and abilities needed to play several(a) roles ) that may be used in diverse work situations, instead of being case into a job. Job Analysis 37. Methods Of accumulate Job Analysis selective information Seven general techniques are generally used to collect job analysis data ? Job performance the analyst real performs the job in question and collects t he needed information ? Personal observation the analyst observes others doing the job and writes a summary ?Critical incidents job incumbents describe several incidents relating to work, based on past experience the analyst collects, analyses and classifies data. ? Interview job incumbents and supervisors are interviewed to get the most essential information about a job Job Analysis 38. Methods Of Collecting Job Analysis Data ? Panel of experts experienced people such as job incumbents and supervisors with good knowledge of the job asked to provide the information. ? Diary method job incumbents asked to suffer diaries or logs of their daily job activities and record the time spent and nature of work carried out. Questionnaire method job incumbents approached through a properly intentional questionnaire and asked to provide details. ? The Position Analysis Questionnaire it is a standardised form used to collect specific information about job tasks and worker traits. Job Analysis 3 9. Methods Of Collecting Job Analysis Data ? Management Position Description Questionnaire it is a standardised form designed to analyse managerial jobs Management Position Description Factors 1. Product, marketing and financial strategy planning. 2. Coordination of other organisational units and personnel. . Internal business control. 4. Products and services responsibility. 5. Public and customer relations. 6. Advanced consulting. 7. Autonomy of actions. 8. Approval of financial commitments. 9. Staff service. 10. Supervision. 11. complexness and stress. 12. Advanced financial responsibility. 13. Broad personnel responsibility. Job Analysis 40. Methods Of Collecting Job Analysis Data ? Functional job analysis it is a systematic process of finding what is done on a job by examining and analysing the fundamental components of data, people and things.Job Analysis 41. Behavioural Factors Impacting Job Analysis The by-line behavioural factors must be taken care of while carrying out a job analysis ? Exaggerate the facts ? Employee anxieties ? Resistance to change ? Overemphasis on current efforts ? Management straight jacket Job Analysis 42. Job Description And Job Specification The end products of job analysis are Job description this is a written enouncement of what the job holder does, how it is done, under what conditions it is done and why it is done. Job Analysis 43.Specimen of Job Description Title Compensation manager Code HR/2310 Department Human Resource Department Summary Responsible for the design and administration of employee compensation programmes. Duties ? transport job analysis. ? Prepare job descriptions for current and projected positions. ? Evaluate job descriptions and act as Chairman of Job Evaluation Committee. ? Insure that companys compensation rates are in tune with the companys philosophy. Cont Job Analysis 44. Specimen of Job Description ? Relate salary to the performance of each employee. Conduct periodic salary surveys. Develop an d administer performance appraisal programme. ? Develop and oversee bonus and other employee benefit plans. ? Develop an integrated HR information system. Working conditions Normal. Eight hours per day. Five days a week. Report to Director, Human Resource Department. Job specification it offers a profile of human characteristics (knowledge, skills and abilities) needed by a person doing a job. Job Analysis 45. Specimen of job specification Education ? MBA with distinction in HRM/MA in social work/PG Diploma in HRM/MA in industrial psychology. ? A degree or diploma in Labour Laws is desirable.Experience ? At least 3 years experience in a similar position in a large manufacturing company. Skill, friendship, Abilities ? Knowledge of compensation practices in competing industries, of job analysis procedures, of compensation survey techniques, of performance appraisal systems. ? Skill in writing job descriptions, in conducting job analysis interviews, in making group presentations, in do statistical computations ? Ability to conduct meetings, to plan and prioritise work. Work Orientation Factors ? The position may require upto 15 per cent travel. Age ?Preferably below 30 years. Job Analysis 46. Role Analysis To have a clear picture about what a person actually does on a job, the job analysis information must be supplemented with role analysis. Role analysis involves the following steps ? Identifying the objectives of the department and the functions to be carried out therein ? Role incumbent asked to state his key performance areas and his pinch of the roles to be played by him ? Other role partners of the job such as boss, subordinate, peers are asked to state their expectations from the role incumbent ?The incumbents role is clarified and expressed in writing after integrating the diverse viewpoints expressed by various role partners. Job Analysis + dasaritapaswi, 3 months ago Embed . without link up content for WordPress. com 1055 views more its use full to students of management Related Presentations An Analysis Of Fm Radio advert Rates In The Arab World TOC . Human Resource Planning Concept And Need. 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Oscar “Zeta” Acosta Essay

AbstractThe radical that I wrote dialogue ab prohibited Oscar Zeta Acosta and his impact on the Chicano federation. In the leading contri scarcelyion I talk ab bring out how Acosta was an attorney for the Chicano movement and generated controversy. In the leaders contri merelyion region I talk how Acosta addressed political, social, and educational in retributiveices against Chicanos. Acosta apply his time and craft to help the Chicano movement.He contributed by 2 of his books that be a major part of the Chicano literacy renaissance. He besides clashed with the Judicial system a lot of times for reasons that he thought were right. In the section others perspectives I talked round how he was scrutinized by many people but was still recognized through his significance in the Chicano movement.Leaders scopeOscar Zeta Acosta was born in El Paso, Texas on April 8, 1935. A little after he turned phoebe bird he and his family moved to Californias San Joaquin Valley because his family couldnt impart a living during the Depression. His parents started formulate as migrant field workers. Acostas father was different from other people. He had a heating plant for competition he had to compete with people more then(prenominal) any topic. When Acosta was little his father would always make him argue with him. As he said in his book Oscar Zeta Acosta The Uncollected Works I cipher that is where I became as nasty as I am. (5).When Acosta went to high school he wasnt nonpareil of the average Chicanos going to school. He became involved in sports and music he was also president of his class. He got a scholarship for music at the University of Southern California. But he decided not to go. after(prenominal) finishing high school, Acosta joined the U.S. Air Force. Acosta then worked his way through college, becoming the first particle of his family to graduate. Acosta attended night classes at San Francisco Law School and passed the California Bar exam in 1 966 on his second try. (Oscar Zeta Acosta The Uncollected works)In 1967, Acosta began working as an antipoverty attorney for the East Legal Aid hostelry in Oakland, California. Then he moved to East Los Angeles, where he joined the Chicano Movement and generated controversy as an activist attorney during the years 1968-1973. But his activities began in Oakland but it was in East Los Angeles where he gained notoriety. He admited various Chicano protest groups and activists such as the Saint Basil 21 and Rodolfo Corky Gonzalez. As an attorney, he figured prominently in heavy cases which addressed political, social, and educational injustices against Chicanos. Acosta is also a well know author of two most important novels of the Chicano Protest Movement. An Autobiography of a Brown overawe (1972), and The tumult of the Cockroach People (1973) .Acostas characteristics involve him beingness savage, nasty, not giving up nor letting any integrity out him down as he said in his novel The Autobiography of a Brown cow I dont give a shit what other people have to conjecture more or less me(130). I believe that all of these characteristics has made him, become who he was. Because he didnt handle what others thought nearly him, he kept on going when amours got hard .Acostas father had to do a lot with him becoming ilk this, because Acostas father would push Acosta to become give way then anyone else made him become the nasty interior person he was. He would never show his emotions and never really gear up his true identity because Acostas father would always push him to do outside activities, and he didnt have that extra time to spend it with the other Chicanos out on the block. It was until by and by on working as a Legal Aid and saw the Chicanos rioting and walking out for causes he didnt know existed. Leaders ContributionOscar Zeta Acosta contributed to the Chicano friendship through two novels that he wrote. Those two novels were a literary contributi on to the Chicano community and movement. He used his profession as an attorney to defend Mexican/ Chicano walk outs for better education.Acosta demonstrated his contribution through joining the Chicano movement. He used his profession as an attorney to defend various Chicano protest groups and activists such as the Saint Basil 21 which was The Catholics for la Raza the coalition in an ill-fated protest at St. Basils on Christmas Eve, 1969 and also the Rodolfo Corky Gonzalez where he led a Chicano contingent to the Poor Peoples March on Washington D.C and issued a plan of the Barrio which demanded better housing, education and restitution of pueblo lands. Acosta figured prominently in legal cases which addressed political, social, and educational injustices against Chicanos.He frequently clashed with the judicial system, winning ardent supporters as well as making political enemies. He also contributed two novels that he wrote called Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo (1972), and The Revolt of the Cockroach People (1973) . Those were two novels that were highly acclaimed as major contributions to the Chicano literary renaissance. Acosta was a particle accelerator for change because he contributed his time and profession to the Chicano Movement.Acosta defended his community and race and he also took cases that defended Chicano education, and Chicano rights. He contributed to the Chicano literary renaissance. He is nearone that may not be well known to anyone because no one talks about him now but during the Chicano movement he was a catalyst for change because he helped the Chicano community be what it is today by not attaining the injustices they had in the education and in the living of the Chicano community.Other PerspectivesOscar Zeta Acosta is a controversial Chicano author, activist and attorney whose work focuses on ethnicity and ways that people of Mexican ancestry in the United States forge an awareness of themselves and how they get treated by other people.Even though Acosta one-time(prenominal) contradicts himself he is still considered by a few a real great person and activist. The website space-reflection symmetry Justicia y Libertad said that Acosta was A gifted writer and storyteller, an activist, a civil rights attorney, and is considered the Malcolm X of the Chicano/a community. Also in the article called Oscar Zeta Acosta One of Gods own prototypes he said Oscar was a legendary, compelling figure in Chicano history his remains in the shadows of the general American culture ( p.1). thither is one thing was for sure that most Chicana would say that he was a feminist and grouse (Bandido 115) . roughly Chicanas even dislike the way he talks about women in his book. He talks about women as if they were objects and he also talks about them in a vulgar way in the books by calling them bitches of hoers. He also talks in a very feminist way, when you pack his books you can notice how he mentions or trys to lower the femi nine perspective and the learning ability of a women. ConclusionBased on the research I have conducted it is my view that Oscar Zeta Acosta was a cardinal component in the Chicano movement because of the role he took by defending the Chicano community when no one would defend them, and especially because Acosta took his profession and his time to defend them. His work affected my emotional state because it showed me that in life you have to pursue your goals to achieve them. Even though it might be tough there reachable.What surprise me about Acosta was his language in his books because I thought an attorney would not talk or especially write a book with vulgar and derogatory language. Another thing that also surprised me about Acosta was that he was a feminist I believed that someone that would defend people like the Chicano community because of the injustices they are facing in society would discriminate other people.Acostas importance during his lifetime was that he was an me aty part in fixing the Chicano education and living in the Anglo world.ReflectionLeader Selection.I am rejoiced with my catalyst for change choice Oscar Zeta Acosta. I learned more about the Chicano education injustices and also about the Chicano movement. Even tough there where parts that I wasnt pleased about hearing like on how he was a feminist and how vulgar he talked about women in his books and how he just thought they were objects. I still erect my catalyst for change interesting like on how he wasnt like the rest of the Chicanos while he was growing up, he was like an noncitizen to his own race.Methodology. At first it was difficult to find books that Acosta has written or books that talk about him, because every book store I went to said they did not have them but they could always order them but it would take about to two weeks and when I would say no thank you ill try some where else they would look at me if I was crazy. At the end I ended up going to the downtown pub lic library and I was luck there was only one copy of the books. Maybe succeeding(a) time what I would do differently is choose a person that has sources that are available everywhere.I believe that I did pace my self with interlingual rendition the books and writing the composition. My time management was effective at times, because there was times I go carried away doing other things but I would still do my paper even though at times I would have to sleep late.Critical interpretation. Reading the sources was some what difficult because of the language and sometimes the metaphors he used. What I learned about the whole allegeing concept is that it is going to be very useful in college and that you have to learn how to pace yourself when you read also that you have to skim the book, also having a dictionary in hand would be very useful to.Note victorious did become easier as I worked along. I found note taking very useful since the books I was reading were not mine so I couldn t set off the important information that I would be using for my research paper. I found the note taking system very useful, probably the other useful thing that would of helped me would have been if the books were mine because I wouldnt have speed threw the books to get them in by their due date.Writing. In writing my research paper the difficulty I faced was not knowing how to get my point across I found that difficult to do because everyone that read my research paper did not know who Oscar Zeta Acosta was. Probably the one thing that would of been useful was choosing a person that people knew at least the name to. The paper we got with the prompt and the operating instructions on what we had to answer helped a lot because while I was writing my paper I was flavour back to see if I answered the prompt and followed the instructions and criteria. The skills that I believe that I need to work on is on my writing and how I try to get my point across because I found that hard to do. The skill that I believe that I was getting better at was knowing how to paraphrase.Experience. I did enjoy working on this project alone because I worked on it at my own pace, but I do enjoy working with others. I believe this research paper would have been better in group because you dont have top rush threw books because everyone can read a book, also because everyone has their own style of writing and looks at the prompts differently so it would have been easier because everyone could have contributed through their opinions and ideas and could have answered the prompt more efficiently.I believe that the most interesting part of this research paper was getting to know everything that your catalyst for change did, because I just knew a couple of thins that Acosta did like being a lawyer and defending the Chicano community, but I didnt know or have a clue everything else he did and how he acted and how he was a feminist. I believe that the most difficult thing about the research p aper was the paper itself, because everything was just new to me because I have ever used MLA format before.

An Application of Jean Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring to Nursing Practice Essay

foundation garmentEssentially, the affectionateness theory of Jean Watson is oriented towards charitable scientific discipline and focuses on the humanitarian aspect of c ar processes, occurrences and experiences. It also grounded on a unitary perspective and interconnectedness with elements such as an individual with its community. The warmth theory embraces nonpargonil-sided, philosophical and interpretative as well as objective-empirical analysis and integrates several epistemological approaches that clinical and empirical but at the same time is open to other avenues of acquiring vital culture.(Watson, 1988, 1999).On the theoretical framework, the warmth theory of 1979 was founded on the ten carative factors. These are essentially a formation of a Humanistic-altruistic system of values and cultivation of sensitivity to ones self and to others. It has provisions for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, carnal, societal, and spiritual surroundings. Lastly the basic core is grounded on both caring philosophy and science (Watson, 1999).Some suggestions on original carative factors into clinical caritas processes include the formation of humanistic-altruistic value system becomes practice of loving-kindness, instillment of faith-hope becomes authentically present. Cultivation of sensitivity between the communities becomes going beyond ego self, Development of a human caring relationship becomes helping-trusting an authentic caring relationship, and Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings becomes be supportive of the expression of positive and negative feelings (Watson, 2006).Main ComponentsOriginally, Watsons theory revolved around threesome major elements, namely the carative factors, the transpersonal caring relationship, and the caring moment. She assignd ten carative factors that served as guidelines for the care for practice and fundamentally centered on the principles of caring.The transpe rsonal caring relationship describes how the nurse goes beyond an objective assessment, showing concerns toward the persons subjective and deeper meaning regarding their own health care situation, while the caring moment is defined as the moment (focal point in space and time) when the nurse and another person come together in such a way that an occasion for human caring is created (Cara, 2003).In this context, the four essential concepts of care for person, environment, health, and care for are encompassed in the theory. Being holistic in nature, the theory presents its framework as a congregation of all these concepts, centering on the person.Watson regards a person as an individual with erratic qualities and unique needs. The person is recognized as a being capable of communicating with another beyond sensible interaction. The person is viewed as whole and complete, regardless of illness of disease (Watson, 2006).The environment is regarded as a ameliorate space, where the persons awareness and consciousness dirty dog expand and promote mindbodyspirit wholeness and healing (Watson, 1999). Inevitably, the state of a tolerants environment can influence an individuals state of health. The physical environment can affect how the person can connect and exist in the spiritual environment created by transpersonal caring relationships, and could affect the effectiveness of the science of caring.Health is referred to as the unity and harmony at bottom the mind, body and soul. It is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and functioning (Hagopian, 2007). The theory establishes that caring can promote a persons health better than the curative means of conventional medicine. finished caring, the care giver recognizes the condition of the recipient at a deeper level, enabling him/her to sympathize as needed, and offer the appropriate care needed by the enduring. With this means of understanding the uncomplaining better, there is greate r luck of addressing the uncomplainings needs, creating the needed balance in his/her physical, mental, and social well-being (Watson, 1998).Influence in My deli very(prenominal) of CareWatson defines nursing as a human science of persons and human health illness experiences that are mediated by professional, personal, scientific, esthetic, and ethical human care transactions (Watson, 1988). The theory also emphasizes caring as central to nursing, and is essentially what the theory wishes to achieve. nursing is not tho close curing an illness or disease it is beyond that.It is about the nurse being able to center consciousness on the faultless being of the other in order to detect his/her inner condition, and impart genuine concern through and through caring moments communicated through movements, gestures, facial expressions, procedures, information, touch, sound, verbal expressions and other scientific, technical, aesthetic, and human means of communication. The role of co nsciousness is deemed greatly important, because then the nurse exhibits commitment and sincere intention to connect with the patient at a deeper level, thereof becoming an effective aid in nursing the patient back to health, physically, emotionally, and spiritually (Watson, 2006).I think of having to give care to a patient who is suffering from a terminal disease and have been displace in ICU care. In this case, the patient was not capable of communicating because he was already in a coma an application of Jean Watsons theory in this case would require me to goody not just the patient but his loved ones, holistically. That is, I do not holyly verification at searching to address the needs of the patient but also of those who surround him. Concretely, I assay to build a humanistic-altruistic value system which is the core of Watsons theory. I have dealt with her family as significant people who have real needs that have to be addressed.For them to be able to cope with the situation, I have tried to show them empathy, as they express their feelings towards the condition of the patient. It is very difficult to have a dying loved one, but it is a reality that we all must face at one point or the other.Having someone by your side during such a time of grief is very consoling and shall help you thresh out your feelings and cope with the situation. I have proven this many quantify in opportunities to care for patients placed in intensive care. The development of a caring relationship with the patients family helps them go through the ordeal with appropriate and well-expressed emotions, and even greater spiritual strength and maturity. I believe that the nurse has a critical role to play in such incidents.Applicability of possibility to Modern Nursing PracticeThe effectiveness of Watsons theory has been validated with its use as a guide in several studies centering on caring science. It has been recommended as a guide to nursing patients with hypertension, as one means of decreasing family blackjack and increase in quality of life, in a study made on its effectiveness on the quality of life and blood pressure of patients with hypertension in Turkey (Erci, Sayan, Tortumluoglu, Kilic, Sahin, & Gungormus, 2003). In another study on caring for old adults, it was ceremonious that the theory was effective in improving the quality of life and peace of mind, body, and soul of the older people, just by caring and listening attentively to what they have to say (Bernick, 2004).The situation of caring for a patient in the intensive care unit has a more serious need for dedicated and centre care. Patients in intensive care in the intensive care unit (ICU) need more than mere treatment. They need assistance for themselves and their family who want to hear good news and encouraging words about the patients recovery, information that is not always quick in coming, if at all. In ICU situations, the patient and, equally as important, the patients family wants to know the patients chances for survival possibility of unending disability and answers to their queries on the patients condition (Rafael, 2000). .Although the attending doctor and nurses are the best sources for information to answer these questions, it is not always possible for them to accurately predict patient outcome, particularly in the initiatory few hours or days of an ICU stay. Like the patient and the patients family, the attending doctors and nurses are also awaiting the initial outcome. This means that everyoneattending physicians, attending nurses, family, friends and the patient him/herself are involved.All can and do contribute to the final outcome in one way or another. On my end, I try to answer all the questions that are posed to me by the patients loved ones to manage their expectations about the patients condition. And yet, I do this with caution, since it is still the physician who has the authority to inform them of these. The end finis was t o try to assist the patient and his loved ones go through the ordeal, addressing their physical, emotional and spiritual needs in the context of a caring relationship.ConclusionOverall, Jean Watsons theory of transpersonal caring has very steep utility in modern nursing practice. It has been shown to be strongly oriented towards human science and focuses on the humanitarian aspect of caring processes, occurrences and experiences and has been able to effectively encapsulate the science of arts and humanities. Moreover, it has been grounded on a unitary perspective and interconnectedness with elements such as an individual with its community.However, one limitation may be its emphasis on being one-sided, philosophical and interpretative rather than on objective-empirical analysis. Moreover, it includes ontological, philosophical, ethical, historical inquiry and studies. Caring science is a new field that is evolving currently in the nursing industry and has truly evolved nursing theo ries and science and has contributed heavily to health, education, and human service fields and professions.ReferencesBernick, L. (2004). Caring for older adults practice guided by Watsons caring-healing model. Nursing Science Quarterly, 17(2)128-34.Cara, C. (2003). A pragmatic view of Jean Watsons caring theory. outside(a) Journal of Human Caring, 7(3), 51-61.Erci, B., Sayan, A.,Tortumluoglu, G., Kilic, D., Sahin, O., & Gungormus Z. (2003). The effectiveness of Watsons Caring Model on the quality of life and blood pressure of patients with hypertension. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 41(2), 130139.Hagopian, G. (2007). Nursing theorists. Retrieved February 8, 2007 from www.nipissingu.ca/faculty/arohap/aphome/NURS3006/Resources/theorists.pptRafael, AR. (2000). Watsons philosophy, science, and theory of human caring as a conceptual framework for guiding community health nursing practice. ANS. Advances in Nursing Science, 23(2)34-49.Watson, J. (1988). Nursing Human science and human car e. A theory of nursing (2nd printing). New York National unify for Nursing.Watson, J. (1999). Postmodern nursing and beyond. Toronto, Canada Churchill Livingstone.Watson, J. (2006). Dr. Jean Watsons Theory of Human Caring. Retrieved February 8, 2007 from http//www2.uchsc.edu/son/caring/content/evolution.asp